Steam and hot-water generator



(No Model D. A. DICKINSON.v STEAM AND HOT WATER GENERATOR.

No. 449,150. Patented Mar. 31, 1891.

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ATENT DANIEL A. DICKINSON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

STEAM AND HOT-WATER GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,150, dated March31, 1891. Application filed August '7, 1890. Serial No. 361,384. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL A. DICKINSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam and HotaterGenerators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to sectional steam and hot-water generators; andit consists in the manner of constructing the independentgenerating-chamber, whereby a more uniform and free meansof circulationis provided, and a water-jacket formed around the sections, ashereinafter shown and described, and specifically pointed out in theclaims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a semi-sectional side elevation. Fig. 2 isa plan view of the sectional generating-chamber with the dome and jacketremoved. Figs. 3 and 4: are perspective views of one of the combinedgencrating-chambers and water-jackets detached. Fig. 5 is an enlargedsectional view through one side of the series of generating-chambers andwater-jackets, illustrating more fully the manner of constructing andconnecting them, and showing the arrangement of the partitions when theapparatus is employed as a hotwater heater.

The generator is built up of independent hollow sections A B, thesections A formed of a less diameter than the sections B, and the latterprovided with hollow downwardly-projecting outer sides Bi'forming, whenthe sections are connected by the branch pipes D, a water-jacket or wallto the generator. Each section isshown formed in two parts, and may betemporarily united by bolts or rivets or in any other suitable manner.

lVhile I have shown the sections formed in two parts, I do not wish tobe limited to any precise number, as a greater number may be employed,or each section may be constructed in one piece, as preferred.

The sections B are formed with .central openings E for the passage ofthe smoke and other products of the combustion, which thus pass inZigzag lines through and around the sections, as indicated by thearrows. The lower edge of the lowermost jacket-section B rests above anannular plate F, supported by a rim a on the fire-pot G, but does notquitetouch it, while the lowermost edge of the jacket-sections B D ofthe upper section B rests above but does not quite touch the uppersurface of the lowermost of the jacketsections 13 The upper surface ofboth the lowermost of the sections B and also the ring F are formed withribs b, rising just inside the water-jacket sections, as shown, toassist in holding the cement, which is placed between the adjacentportions of the sections. By this simple construction the sections A Bare surrounded by a hollow wall B through which the hot water freelycirculates, thereby accomplishing two very important resultsviz.,utilizing the heat radiating from the generator by absorbing it into thewater flowing through the jacket-sections and transmitting it therefromback again into the interior of the sections, and also preventing theheat being absorbed into the surrounding atmosphere. If found necessary,a casing of asbestus or other non-heating material may be placed aroundthe sections B as a further protection.

As before stated, the sections A B are united by branches D, and withineach of the branches is a curved cross-partition E,which extendsbackward into and ac oss the interior of the sections Band drop-sectionsB as shown at d, so that the water in circulating throughout thesections is caused thereby to flow downward into the jacket-sections andinsures the complete and perfect circulating throughout every portion ofthe system. The partitions E thus divide each of the connecting branchesinto two compartments, as in Patent No. 431,037, July 1, 1890. Thegreatest heat being near the centers of the sections A and B, the wateris caused to flow upward through the inner series of compartments formedin the branches D, connecting the sections by the partition E. Thisupward flow, increasing in volume at each section, contributes its quotaof water, and to provide for this increasing volume of upwardly-flowingwater the partition in the connecting branches of each section is setfarther outward than the partition in the section immediately below it,so that the inner compartments are increased in size from the lowermosttoward the uppermost, as shown. The rcturnilow, when the boiler is usedfor hot-water heating, passes upward from the firepot through the outerseries of compa tments in the branches connecting the sections, and eachsection draws its supply of return-water therefrom. The volume of thereturn-flow being greater at the bottom and diminishing as each sectionis supplied, the arrangement of the partitions above indicatedeconomizes the space contained in the connecting branches, allowing boththe outilowing heated water and the return-flow of colder water thelz-trgest space at those points in both series of compartments where thevolume of the warmest water is the greatest, thus facilitating thecirculation.

The jacket scctions will be provided with drainage plugs or pipes atsuitable points in their lower parts, as indicated at e.

\Vhen the apparatus is employed for generating hotwater, the dome IIwill not be required, as the outflow-pipes K can be connected directlyto the uppermost branch D, and the upper end of the partition E in theuppermost section 13 turned off at right anglcs and united to the bodyof the section, as shown at g in Fig. 5, closing the outer series ofcompartments at the top. \Vhen used for the generation of steam, theuppermost partition IE will be continued upward into the dome ll, asshown at min Fig. 1, and inclined upward beneath the outflow-pipes K, sothat any water of condensation ilowing back through the piping will fallupon the outer surfaces of or outside this inclined partition lit and becarried down in the outer series of compartments formed by the partitionE and not come in contact with the upwardly-flowing and morehighlyheated and stcanrbearing currents. By this simple means the colderwater of condensation is conducted directly into the colderdownwardly-flowing currents and is prevented from mingling with theupward-flowing hotter currents, thus facilitating the circulation andavoiding the necessary cooling of the steanrbcaring currents of water asit comes into the stcanrdome from the heating-sections.

llaving thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new is- 1. In a steamor hot-water generator, a series of hollow horizontal disks formed ofseparate segmental sections 13, with central openings E, and a series ofhorizontal hollow d isks formed of separate segmental sections A and ofsmaller diameter than said sectional disks B, said series ofsectionaldisks A being arranged alternately with said sections B andunited by branches D, in combination with hollow upright sections Bformed integral with said sections B and projecting between them andoutside of the said sections A, whereby a hollow water jacket or wall isformed around the sections, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

2. In a steam or hot-water generator, a serics of hollow alternatingsections A13, united by branches I), each of said sections B havinghollow extensions B integral therewith, and partitions E within saidbranches and extending into the interior of said sections B, and alsointo said extensions B whereby the circulation of the water therein insured, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a steam or hot-water generator, a series of alternating sectionsA13, united by branches D, and with a partition E in each branch andformingits interior into two scpa rate compartments, said partitionbeing placed farther outward within the branches from the lowermosttoward the uppermost section, so as to increase the area of the innercompartment in each branch upward, and correspondingly increase the areaof the outer compartments downward, whereby means are provided for thefree passage of the volume of the flowing currents, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses, this 30th day of July, 1890.

. DANIEL A. DICKINSON.

\Vitnesses:

O. N. Woonwann, It. Wnnsrnn.

